/*****************************************************************************
 * 
 * This file is part of Mapnik (c++ mapping toolkit)
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2006 Artem Pavlenko
 * Copyright (C) 2006 10East Corp.
 *
 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

//$Id$

//stl
#include <string>
#include <vector>

// boost
#include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp>
#include <boost/utility.hpp>
#include <boost/ptr_container/ptr_vector.hpp>
#include <boost/thread/mutex.hpp>
#include <boost/tuple/tuple.hpp>

//mapnik
#include <mapnik/geometry.hpp>
#include <mapnik/placement_finder.hpp>
#include <mapnik/text_path.hpp>

#ifndef M_PI
#define M_PI 3.14159265358979323846
#endif

namespace mapnik
{
   //For shields
   placement::placement(string_info *info_, 
                        CoordTransform *ctrans_, 
                        const proj_transform *proj_trans_, 
                        geometry_ptr geom_, 
                        std::pair<double, double> dimensions_)
      : info(info_), 
        ctrans(ctrans_), 
        proj_trans(proj_trans_), 
        geom(geom_),
        displacement_(0,0),
        label_placement(point_placement), 
        dimensions(dimensions_), 
        has_dimensions(true), 
        shape_path(*ctrans_, *geom_, *proj_trans_), 
        total_distance_(-1.0), 
        wrap_width(0), 
        text_ratio(0), 
        label_spacing(0), 
        label_position_tolerance(0), 
        force_odd_labels(false), 
        max_char_angle_delta(0.0), avoid_edges(false)
   {
   }

   //For text
   placement::placement(string_info *info_, 
                        CoordTransform *ctrans_, 
                        const proj_transform *proj_trans_, 
                        geometry_ptr geom_,
                        position const& displacement,
                        label_placement_e placement_)
      : info(info_), 
        ctrans(ctrans_), 
        proj_trans(proj_trans_), 
        geom(geom_), 
        displacement_(displacement),
        label_placement(placement_), 
        has_dimensions(false), 
        shape_path(*ctrans_, *geom_, *proj_trans_), 
        total_distance_(-1.0), 
        wrap_width(0), 
        text_ratio(0), 
        label_spacing(0), 
        label_position_tolerance(0), 
        force_odd_labels(false), 
        max_char_angle_delta(0.0), 
        avoid_edges(false)
   {
   }
  
   placement::~placement()
   {
   }
    
   unsigned placement::path_size() const
   {
      return geom->num_points();
   }
    
   std::pair<double, double> placement::get_position_at_distance(double target_distance)
   {
      double old_x, old_y, new_x, new_y;
      double x, y;
      x = y = 0.0;
        
      double distance = 0.0;
    
      shape_path.rewind(0);
      shape_path.vertex(&new_x,&new_y);
      unsigned num_points =  geom->num_points();
      for (unsigned i = 1; i < num_points; ++i)
      {
         double dx, dy;

         old_x = new_x;
         old_y = new_y;

         shape_path.vertex(&new_x,&new_y);
      
         dx = new_x - old_x;
         dy = new_y - old_y;
      
         double segment_length = sqrt(dx*dx + dy*dy);
      
         distance += segment_length;
         if (distance > target_distance)
         {
            x = new_x - dx*(distance - target_distance)/segment_length;
            y = new_y - dy*(distance - target_distance)/segment_length;

            break;
         }
      }
    
      return std::pair<double, double>(x, y);
   }
  
   double placement::get_total_distance()
   {
      if (total_distance_ < 0.0)
      {
         double old_x, old_y, new_x, new_y;
      
         shape_path.rewind(0);
     
         shape_path.vertex(&old_x,&old_y);

         total_distance_ = 0.0;
            
         unsigned num_points = geom->num_points();
         for (unsigned i = 1; i < num_points ; ++i)
         {
            double dx, dy;
            shape_path.vertex(&new_x,&new_y);
                
            dx = new_x - old_x;
            dy = new_y - old_y;
          
            total_distance_ += sqrt(dx*dx + dy*dy);
          
            old_x = new_x;
            old_y = new_y;
         }
      }
    
      return total_distance_;
   }
  
   void placement::clear_envelopes()
   {
      while (!envelopes.empty())
         envelopes.pop();
   }
  
  
  
   placement_finder::placement_finder(Envelope<double> e, unsigned buffer)
      : dimensions_(e), 
        detector_(Envelope<double>(e.minx() - buffer, e.miny() - buffer, e.maxx() + buffer, e.maxy() + buffer))
   {
   }


   bool placement_finder::find_placements(placement *p)
   {
      if (p->label_placement == point_placement)
      {
         return find_placement_horizontal(p);
      }
      else if (p->label_placement == line_placement)
      {
         return find_placement_follow(p);
      }
    
      return false;
   }

   bool placement_finder::find_placement_follow(placement *p)
   {
      std::pair<double, double> string_dimensions = p->info->get_dimensions();
      double string_width = string_dimensions.first;

      double distance = p->get_total_distance();
    
      if (string_width > distance)
      {
         return false;
      }
      
      int num_labels = 0;
      if (p->label_spacing)
         num_labels = static_cast<int> (floor(distance / (p->label_spacing + string_width)));
      if (p->force_odd_labels && num_labels%2 == 0)
         num_labels--;
      if (num_labels <= 0)
         num_labels = 1;
      
      double ideal_spacing = distance/num_labels;
      std::vector<double> ideal_label_distances;
      
      double middle = (distance / 2.0) - (string_width/2.0); //try draw text centered
		
      if (num_labels % 2) //odd amount of labels
      {
         for (int a = 0; a < (num_labels+1)/2; a++)
         {
            ideal_label_distances.push_back(middle - (a*ideal_spacing));
	
            if (a != 0)
               ideal_label_distances.push_back(middle + (a*ideal_spacing));
         }
      }
      else //even amount of labels
      {
         for (int a = 0; a < num_labels/2; a++)
         {
            ideal_label_distances.push_back(middle - (ideal_spacing/2.0) - (a*ideal_spacing));
            ideal_label_distances.push_back(middle + (ideal_spacing/2.0) + (a*ideal_spacing));
         }
      }

      double delta;
      double tolerance;

      if (p->label_position_tolerance > 0)
      {
         tolerance = p->label_position_tolerance;
         delta = std::max ( 1.0, p->label_position_tolerance/100.0);
      }
      else
      {
         tolerance = ideal_spacing/2.0;
         delta = ideal_spacing/100.0;
      }


      bool FoundPlacement = false;
      std::vector<double>::const_iterator itr = ideal_label_distances.begin();
      std::vector<double>::const_iterator end = ideal_label_distances.end();
      for (; itr != end; ++itr)
      {
         //std::clog << "Trying to find txt placement at distance: " << *itr << std::endl;
         for (double i = 0; i < tolerance; i += delta)
         {
            p->clear_envelopes();
        
            // check position +- delta for valid placement
            if ( build_path_follow(p, *itr + i) ) {
               update_detector(p);
               FoundPlacement = true;
               break;
            }

            p->clear_envelopes();
            if ( build_path_follow(p, *itr - i) ) {
               update_detector(p);
               FoundPlacement = true;
               break;
            }
         }
      }    
    
      //         if (FoundPlacement)
      //             std::clog << "Found Placement" << string_width << " " << distance << std::endl;

      return FoundPlacement;
   }
  
   bool placement_finder::find_placement_horizontal(placement *p)
   {
      if (p->path_size() == 1) // point geometry
      {
         if ( build_path_horizontal(p, 0) ) 
         {
            update_detector(p);
            return true;
         }
         return false;
      }
        
      double distance = p->get_total_distance();    
      //~ double delta = string_width/distance;
      double delta = distance/100.0;
    
      for (double i = 0; i < distance/2.0; i += delta)
      {
         p->clear_envelopes();
      
         if ( build_path_horizontal(p, distance/2.0 + i) ) {
            update_detector(p);
            return true;
         }
      
         p->clear_envelopes();
      
         if ( build_path_horizontal(p, distance/2.0 - i) ) {
            update_detector(p);
            return true;
         }
      }
      return false;
   }
  
   void placement_finder::update_detector(placement *p)
   {
      while (!p->envelopes.empty())
      {
         Envelope<double> e = p->envelopes.front();

         detector_.insert(e);

         p->envelopes.pop();
      }
   }

   bool placement_finder::build_path_follow(placement *p, double target_distance)
   {
      double new_x, new_y, old_x, old_y;
      unsigned cur_node = 0;
      double next_char_x = 0;
      double next_char_y = 0;

      double angle = 0.0;
      int orientation = 0;
    
      p->current_placement.path.clear();
    
      double x, y;
      x = y = 0.0;
    
      double distance = 0.0;

      std::pair<double, double> string_dimensions = p->info->get_dimensions();
      //    double string_width = string_dimensions.first;
      double string_height = string_dimensions.second;
    
      // find the segment that our text should start on
      p->shape_path.rewind(0);
      p->shape_path.vertex(&new_x,&new_y);
      old_x = new_x;
      old_y = new_y;
      unsigned num_points = p->geom->num_points();
      for (unsigned i = 1; i < num_points; ++i)
      {
         double dx, dy;

         cur_node++;
        
         old_x = new_x;
         old_y = new_y;

         p->shape_path.vertex(&new_x,&new_y);
        
         dx = new_x - old_x;
         dy = new_y - old_y;
        
         double segment_length = sqrt(dx*dx + dy*dy);
        
         distance += segment_length;
         if (distance > target_distance)
         {
            // this segment is greater that the target starting distance so start here
            p->current_placement.starting_x = new_x - dx*(distance - target_distance)/segment_length;
            p->current_placement.starting_y = new_y - dy*(distance - target_distance)/segment_length;
    
            // angle text starts at and orientation
            angle = atan2(-dy, dx);
            orientation = fabs(angle) > M_PI/2 ? -1 : 1;

            distance -= target_distance;
            
            break;
         }
      }
        
      // now find the placement of each character starting from our initial segment
      // determined above
      double last_angle = angle; 
      for (unsigned i = 0; i < p->info->num_characters(); i++)
      {
         character_info ci;
         unsigned c;

         // grab the next character according to the orientation
         ci = orientation > 0 ? p->info->at(i) : p->info->at(p->info->num_characters() - i - 1);
         c = ci.character;
    
         double angle_delta = 0;

         // if the distance remaining in this segment is less than the character width
         // move to the next segment
         if (distance <= ci.width) 
         {
            last_angle = angle;
            while (distance <= ci.width) 
            {
               double dx, dy;
                    
               cur_node++;
                    
               if (cur_node >= p->geom->num_points()) {
                  return false;
               }
                    
               old_x = new_x;
               old_y = new_y;
                    
               p->shape_path.vertex(&new_x,&new_y);
                    
               dx = new_x - old_x;
               dy = new_y - old_y;
                    
               angle = atan2(-dy, dx );
               distance += sqrt(dx*dx+dy*dy);
            }
            // since our rendering angle has changed then check against our
            // max allowable angle change.
            angle_delta = last_angle - angle;
            // normalise between -180 and 180
            while (angle_delta > M_PI)
               angle_delta -= 2*M_PI;
            while (angle_delta < -M_PI)
               angle_delta += 2*M_PI;
            if (p->max_char_angle_delta > 0 && fabs(angle_delta) > p->max_char_angle_delta*(M_PI/180))
            {
               return false;
            }
         }
            
            
         Envelope<double> e;
         if (p->has_dimensions)
         {
            e.init(x, y, x + p->dimensions.first, y + p->dimensions.second);
         }


         double render_angle = angle;

         x = new_x - (distance)*cos(angle);
         y = new_y + (distance)*sin(angle);
         //Center the text on the line.
         x -= (((double)string_height/2.0) - 1.0)*cos(render_angle+M_PI/2);
         y += (((double)string_height/2.0) - 1.0)*sin(render_angle+M_PI/2);
         distance -= ci.width;
         next_char_x = ci.width*cos(render_angle);
         next_char_y = ci.width*sin(render_angle);

         double render_x = x;
         double render_y = y;

         if (!p->has_dimensions)
         {
            // put four corners of the letter into envelope
            e.init(render_x, render_y, render_x + ci.width*cos(render_angle), render_y - ci.width*sin(render_angle));
            e.expand_to_include(render_x - ci.height*sin(render_angle), render_y - ci.height*cos(render_angle));
            e.expand_to_include(render_x + (ci.width*cos(render_angle) - ci.height*sin(render_angle)), render_y - (ci.width*sin(render_angle) + ci.height*cos(render_angle)));
         }

         if (!detector_.has_placement(e))
         {
            return false;
         }
            
         if (p->avoid_edges && !dimensions_.contains(e))
         {
            return false;
         }
        
         p->envelopes.push(e);

         if (orientation < 0)
         {
            // rotate in place
            render_x += ci.width*cos(render_angle) - (string_height-2)*sin(render_angle);
            render_y -= ci.width*sin(render_angle) + (string_height-2)*cos(render_angle);
            render_angle += M_PI;
         }
        
        
         p->current_placement.path.add_node(c,render_x - p->current_placement.starting_x, 
                                            -render_y + p->current_placement.starting_y, 
                                            render_angle);
         x += next_char_x;
         y -= next_char_y;
      }
      p->placements.push_back(p->current_placement);

      return true;
   }


   bool placement_finder::build_path_horizontal(placement *p, double target_distance)
   {
      double x, y;
    
      p->current_placement.path.clear();
        
      std::pair<double, double> string_dimensions = p->info->get_dimensions();
      double string_width = string_dimensions.first;
      double string_height = string_dimensions.second;
        
      // check if we need to wrap the string
      double wrap_at = string_width + 1;
      if (p->wrap_width && string_width > p->wrap_width)
      {
         if (p->text_ratio)
            for (int i = 1; ((wrap_at = string_width/i)/(string_height*i)) > p->text_ratio && (string_width/i) > p->wrap_width; ++i);
         else
            wrap_at = p->wrap_width;
      }
      
      // work out where our line breaks need to be
      std::vector<int> line_breaks;
      std::vector<double> line_widths;
      if (wrap_at < string_width && p->info->num_characters() > 0)
      {
         int line_count=0; 
         int last_space = 0;
         string_width = 0;
         string_height = 0;
         double line_width = 0;
         double line_height = 0;
         double word_width = 0;
         double word_height = 0;
         for (unsigned int ii = 0; ii < p->info->num_characters(); ii++)
         {
            character_info ci;;
            ci = p->info->at(ii);
                
            unsigned c = ci.character;
            word_width += ci.width;
            word_height = word_height > ci.height ? word_height : ci.height;
            ++line_count;
        
            if (c == ' ')
            {
               last_space = ii;
               line_width += word_width;
               line_height = line_height > word_height ? line_height : word_height;
               word_width = 0;
               word_height = 0;
            }
            if (line_width > 0 && line_width > wrap_at)
            {
               string_width = string_width > line_width ? string_width : line_width;
               string_height += line_height;
               line_breaks.push_back(last_space);
               line_widths.push_back(line_width);
               ii = last_space;
               line_count = 0;
               line_width = 0;
               line_height = 0;
               word_width = 0;
               word_height = 0;
            }
         }
         line_width += word_width;
         string_width = string_width > line_width ? string_width : line_width;
         line_breaks.push_back(p->info->num_characters() + 1);
         line_widths.push_back(line_width);
      }
      if (line_breaks.size() == 0)
      {
         line_breaks.push_back(p->info->num_characters() + 1);
         line_widths.push_back(string_width);
      }
        
      p->info->set_dimensions(string_width, string_height);
        
      if (p->geom->type() == LineString)
      {
         std::pair<double, double> starting_pos = p->get_position_at_distance(target_distance);
            
         p->current_placement.starting_x = starting_pos.first;
         p->current_placement.starting_y = starting_pos.second;
      }
      else
      {
         p->geom->label_position(&p->current_placement.starting_x, &p->current_placement.starting_y);
         //  TODO: 
         //  We would only want label position in final 'paper' coords.
         //  Move view and proj transforms to e.g. label_position(x,y,proj_trans,ctrans)?
         double z=0;  
         p->proj_trans->backward(p->current_placement.starting_x, p->current_placement.starting_y, z);
         p->ctrans->forward(&p->current_placement.starting_x, &p->current_placement.starting_y);
         // apply displacement ( in pixels ) 
         p->current_placement.starting_x += boost::tuples::get<0>(p->displacement_);
         p->current_placement.starting_y += boost::tuples::get<1>(p->displacement_); 
      }
        
      double line_height = 0;
      unsigned int line_number = 0;
      unsigned int index_to_wrap_at = line_breaks[line_number];
      double line_width = line_widths[line_number];
    
      x = -line_width/2.0;
      y = -string_height/2.0 + 1.0;
    
      for (unsigned i = 0; i < p->info->num_characters(); i++)
      {
         character_info ci;;
         ci = p->info->at(i);
            
         unsigned c = ci.character;
         if (i == index_to_wrap_at)
         {
            index_to_wrap_at = line_breaks[++line_number];
            line_width = line_widths[line_number];
            y -= line_height;
            x = -line_width/2.0;
            line_height = 0;
            continue;
         }
         else
         {
            p->current_placement.path.add_node(c, x, y, 0.0);
    
            Envelope<double> e;
            if (p->has_dimensions)
            {
               e.init(p->current_placement.starting_x - (p->dimensions.first/2.0), 
                      p->current_placement.starting_y - (p->dimensions.second/2.0), 
                      p->current_placement.starting_x + (p->dimensions.first/2.0), 
                      p->current_placement.starting_y + (p->dimensions.second/2.0));
            }
            else
            {
               e.init(p->current_placement.starting_x + x, 
                      p->current_placement.starting_y - y, 
                      p->current_placement.starting_x + x + ci.width, 
                      p->current_placement.starting_y - y - ci.height);
            }
                
            if (!detector_.has_placement(e))
            {
               return false;
            }

            if (p->avoid_edges && !dimensions_.contains(e))
            {
               return false;
            }
                
            p->envelopes.push(e);
         }
         x += ci.width;
         line_height = line_height > ci.height ? line_height : ci.height;
      }
      p->placements.push_back(p->current_placement);
    
      return true;
   }
} // namespace